Isitshalo sokuphuka nokuhlukaniswa kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion kanye nokugaywa kabusha
Isistimu yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-Lithium-ion yokumosha nokuhlukanisa
Ibhethri ye-lithium-ion kadoti iphuma ezimotweni zikagesi, njengamasondo amabili noma amasondo amane.Ibhethri ye-lithium ngokuvamile inezinhlobo ezimbili I-LiFePO4njenge-anode futhiLiNi0.3Co0.3Mn0.3O2.
Umshini wethu ungacubungula i-lithium-ion I-LiFePO4njenge-anode futhiLiNi0.3Co0.3Mn0.3O2. ibhethri.Isakhiwo kanjena esingezansi:
- Ukuphula iphakethe lamabhethri ukuze uhlukanise futhi uhlole ukuthi umgogodla ufanelekile noma cha.Iphakethe lebhethri lizothumela igobolondo, izakhi, i-aluminium nethusi.
- Ingqikithi kagesi engafanelekile izochotshozwa futhi ihlukaniswe.I-csher izoba sesivikelweni sedivayisi yomoya.Impahla eluhlaza izoba yi-anaerobic thermolysis.Kuzoba khona isishisi segesi esilahlwayo ukuze umoya ophelile ufinyelele ezingeni elikhishiwe.
- Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziwukuhlukanisa ngokushaywa komoya noma amandla amanzi okuhlukanisa i-cathode ne-anode powder kanye nethusi ne-aluminium kanye nekhanda lenqwaba, kanye nezinsalela zegobolondo.
Waste lithium-iyoniimigqa yokuphulwa kwephakethe yebhethri yamukelas umsebenzi wezandla kanyeizinga eliphezulu lokuzenzakalela.
Ngemva kokuphuka,ukuchoboza, ukwehlukana kanye nenye inqubo eqhubekayo,singatholai-diaphragm, igobolondo, ucwecwe lwethusi, ucwecwe lwe-aluminium, i-anode & cathode powder neminye imikhiqizo.
Inqubo isekelwe esidingweni sezimakethe, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinsiza kanye nokwandisa inzuzo.Ukutholwa okusebenzayo ngokugcwele kwamabhethri e-lithium eyodwa, izingcezu ezisele zezinto zingafinyelelwa.
Ikonkeukukhishwa kujwayelekile ngemuva kwamanzi angcolile kanye negesi elingekhobayelashwa.
Idatha yokuphumayo yezomnotho:
| NO | Imikhiqizo eyinhloko | Amandla noma isivuno (%) | Izinga lokugaywa kabusha(%) |
| 1 | I-Cathode ne-anode | 47.47 | >97-98.5 |
| 2 | Ithusi | 11.76 | >98 |
| 3 | I-Aluminium | 3.91 | >98 |
| 4 | I-Electrolyte organic solvent | 12.73 | >97 |
| 5 | i-diaphragm | 5.92 | >84.5 |
| 6 | Ipulasitiki | 4.01 | >98 |
| 7 | PIkhanda lensimbi negobolondo lensimbi | 12.03 | >98 |
Ipharamitha yobuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa komugqa wokuvuselela ibhethri le-lithium-ion
| CHA. | Into | Iyunithi | Ipharamitha |
| 1 | Amandla womugqa wokuvuselela i-lithium-ion | T/h | 0.2-4.0 |
| 2 | Ukuphatha ibhethri diagonal | mm | 420 |
| 3 | Ivolumu yokufaka isiyonke | kW | 1300 |
| 4 | Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi | kWH/t | 426 |
| 5 | Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi | M3/t | 0.125 |
| 6 | Ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi angcolile | % | > 96 |
| 7 | Igesi yemvelo | M3/t | 26.7 |
| 8 | Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisizayo | USD/t | 2.5 |
| 9 | Izindleko zokucubungula ngokuqondile | USD/t | 72 |
Izici:
- Ngokuqukethwe komoyampilo okuku-inthanethi nokuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa, ukuqapha okubonakalayo, i-PLC neshaja njll, kuhlanganisa ukulawulwa kwe-centrol interlock.Ifinyelela ekungaqhumeni kwe-CT4.Inokuphepha okuphezulu.
- Njengoba kunjalo ngogesi ukuchoboza, ingakwazi ukucubungulaI-LiFePO4njenge-anode futhiLiNi0.3Co0.3Mn0.3O2ibhethri nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri ahambisana kakhulu.Ngaphandle kwalo, isakhiwo salo sezinyo le-shear lingakwazi ukucubungula umthamo omkhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsalela zokugcina ziyaxega futhi zibe ama-flakes okulula ukugaywa kabusha.Ekugcineni i-crusher iphephile futhi ixazulule isikhathi eside sokuchithwa kwamanzi anosawoti kanye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi.
- Isivuno esiphezulu se-cathod ne-anode powder.Ngemva kwei-thermolysis kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamandla amanzi, isivuno samandla we-cathod kanye ne-anode cishe > 98% (ikhwalithi > 98%), kuyilapho ukuhlukaniswa kwe-air blow kufinyelela ku-97% (ikhwalithi > 97%).Okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium ye-cathod powder kungu-<0.35%.
- Isivuno esiphezulu sokugaywa kabusha kwethusi ne-aluminium.Ngemva kokutholwa nokuhlunga kombala nogesi wezithombe, ikhwalithi yokugcina yethusi ne-aluminium cishe i>99%.
- Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo.Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezingaphakathi nangaphandle emshinini azingeni moya.Futhi nge-anaerobic thermolysis, uhlelo lokuqoqa umoya nothuli.Sizolawula ngokuqinile i-electrolyte nokukhishwa.Isishisi somoya kanye nokuhlanzwa kusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthile obumanzi be-defluorination.Ukukhishwa kwe-HJ1186-2021 indinganiso yokukhishwa.
Umshini wepulasitiki ogaywe kabusha kanye ne-granulating uhlobo lwempahla esetshenziswa ukugaywa kabusha imfucumfucu yepulasitiki ibe yizinhlayiyana noma ama-pellets angasetshenziswa kabusha ekwenzeni imikhiqizo emisha yepulasitiki.Umshini ngokuvamile usebenza ngokuhlikihla noma ukugaya udoti wepulasitiki ube izingcezu ezincane, bese uyancibilikisa futhi uwukhiphe ngedayidi ukuze wakhe ama-pellets noma ama-granules.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokugaywa kabusha yepulasitiki kanye ne-granulating etholakalayo, okuhlanganisa isikulufu esisodwa kanye nezikhiphi eziphuma ngamawele.Eminye imishini ihlanganisa izici ezengeziwe ezifana nezikrini zokususa ukungcola emfucumfucwini yepulasitiki noma izinhlelo zokupholisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ama-pellets aqina ngendlela efanele.Umshini wokuwasha amabhodlela we-PET, umugqa wokugeza izikhwama we-PP
Imishini yokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki kanye ne-granulating ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezikhiqiza udoti omkhulu wepulasitiki, njengokupakisha, ezezimoto, nezokwakha.Ngokwenza kabusha imfucumfucu yepulasitiki, le mishini isiza ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokulahlwa kwepulasitiki futhi ilondoloze izinsiza ngokusebenzisa kabusha izinto ebezingalahlwa.
Imishini yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium iwuhlobo lwempahla esetshenziswa ukuphinda igaywe futhi ithole izinto ezibalulekile kumabhethri e-lithium-ion, avame ukusetshenziswa kumishini kagesi efana nama-smartphone, amalaptop, nezimoto zikagesi.Okokusebenza ngokuvamile kusebenza ngokwephula amabhethri ezingxenyeni zawo, njenge-cathode nezinto ze-anode, isixazululo se-electrolyte, namafoil ensimbi, bese ehlukanisa futhi ehlanza lezi zinto ukuze ziphinde zisetshenziswe.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokuvuselela ibhethri ye-lithium etholakalayo, okuhlanganisa izinqubo ze-pyrometallurgical, izinqubo ze-hydrometallurgical, nezinqubo zemishini.Izinqubo ze-Pyrometallurgical zibandakanya ukucutshungulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kwamabhethri ukuze kubuyiselwe izinsimbi ezifana nethusi, i-nickel, ne-cobalt.Izinqubo ze-Hydrometallurgical zisebenzisa izixazululo zamakhemikhali ukuze zihlakaze izingxenye zebhethri futhi zibuyisele izinsimbi, kuyilapho izinqubo zemishini zihilela ukuhlakazeka nokugaya amabhethri ukuze ahlukanise izinto.
Imishini yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium ibalulekile ekwehliseni umthelela wemvelo wokulahlwa kwebhethri nokulondoloza izinsiza ngokuthola izinsimbi ezibalulekile nezinto ezingasetshenziswa kabusha kumabhethri amasha noma kweminye imikhiqizo.
Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zokongiwa kwemvelo nezinsiza, okokusebenza kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium nakho kunezinzuzo zezomnotho.Ukuthola izinsimbi ezibalulekile nezinto ezisetshenziswayo kumabhethri asetshenzisiwe kunganciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza amabhethri amasha, kuphinde kudale imizila yemali emisha yezinkampani ezibandakanyekayo enqubweni yokugaywa kabusha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwesidingo sezimoto zikagesi nezinye izinto zikagesi kuqhuba isidingo semboni esebenza kahle futhi esimeme yokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri.Imishini yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium ingasiza ukuhlangabezana nalesi sidingo ngokuhlinzeka ngendlela ethembekile nengabizi kakhulu yokuthola izinto ezibalulekile kumabhethri asetshenzisiwe.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium kuseyimboni entsha uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi kunezinselelo okufanele uzinqobe mayelana nokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokugaywa kabusha ezisebenza kahle nezingabizi.Ukwengeza, ukuphatha kahle kanye nokulahlwa kwemfucuza yebhethri kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe izingozi zemvelo nempilo.Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube nemithethonqubo efanele kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphathwa kahle nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium.
